Before tax. The first figure keeps the income growing with the increase you set; the last keeps it flat.
An income forever
A perpetuity pays an income without ever using up the capital: you only spend what it earns. If the income should also rise with inflation, part of the return has to stay invested so the capital grows at the same pace: capital = yearly income / (return − increase).
It is the most cautious way to plan living off savings, and the formula behind foundations and endowments.
Frequently asked questions
Why does the increase matter so much?
Because the capital only pays out the difference between return and increase. With 5 % return and 2 % increase, you can only spend 3 % a year.
Is this the same as the 4 % rule?
No. The 4 % rule may use up the capital over about 30 years; a perpetuity never does.
What about tax?
The result is before tax. If the income is taxed, plan for a higher income before tax.
Indicative results. This is not financial advice.
Know how much you will have left at the end of the month
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